Posterior Vitreous Detachment

Overview

Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is a common eye condition that occurs most often in people over the age of 65, but it can occur in younger people as well. As we age, the vitreous – a jelly-like substance within the eye – begins to condense and change in structure. As this occurs, the vitreous pulls towards the front of the eye, away from the retina. Normally, the vitreous is attached to the retina, more strongly in some places (such as the macula and the optic nerve head) than in others. As the vitreous pulls away from the retina with age, many people experience PVD symptoms, such as flashes and floaters.

While posterior vitreous detachment is common and for the most part quite harmless, the symptoms of PVD are very similar to symptoms of a more serious eye condition known as retinal detachment, which is why it is essential that anyone experiencing a sudden onset of floaters and light flashes visit their optometrist as soon as possible.

PVD Symptoms

The two classic symptoms of posterior vitreous detachment include sudden onset appearance of (or increase in) floaters (spots in vision) and flashes of light (photopsia). Floaters occur as pieces of vitreous break away and create floating debris within the eye. Flashes of light occur when the retina is pulled by the condensing vitreous.

In some individuals, symptoms of posterior vitreous detachment may include only floaters with photopsia. Other individuals may be completely asymptomatic.

Detection & Diagnosis of PVD

When you visit your optometrist, he/she will examine the inside of your eye using a specialized instrument known as a slit lamp biomicroscope. Once it has been determined that the eye condition is PVD and that there is no retinal tear, most patients are free to go home with a follow-up visit in about six weeks for visual field testing. Patients are also warned that if symptoms of flashes persist or worsen, or if there is a change in the size or number of floaters, another trip to the doctor is absolutely essential.

Posterior Vitreous Detachment Treatment

There is no cure for posterior vitreous detachment, and no treatment for it other than to ensure that there is no associated vision loss. PVD is an extremely common condition and as such, individuals who have been diagnosed should rest easy – you are not alone. And for the vast majority of individuals, PVD has no impact on vision.

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